Enhancing understanding between ATC and Flight Crew
Differing Mental Models
Consider the following scenario: an aircraft is requested to maintain 180kt to 5 miles on approach. What are the considerations for ATC and Flight Crew?
ATC Considerations:
- Am I achieving separation?
- Am I achieving target landing rate?
- Is a go-around possible ?
- And many more ...
Flight Crew Considerations:
- Will I achieve stabilised approach criteria?
- Will I overspeed my flaps?
- Will I get all checklists completed?
- And many more ...
ATC and flight crew may well have different perceptions based upon the fact that their working environments and knowledge bases are very different
Advances in Technology
Technological advancements over recent years have been significant. Here are a few notable advances in the two operational theatres:
ATC Advances:
- CPDLC
- ADS
- 4th Generation ATM Systems
- PBN Approaches
Flight Deck Advances:
- Increases in automation
- Multiple communication options
- More complex systems
- Better aircraft performance
Advances in technology make it important that ATC and Flight Crew have a basic understanding of each other's technological tools
Changes in Training
In the past ATC training included in some states a Private Pilots Licence, or some hours of pilot training. Familairisation flights on airliner flight decks were more common. This provided invaluable insight for controllers.
Varying Knowledge Levels
Given the complexities of modern airliners and the complexities of modern airspace, it is difficult for controllers and flight crew to have a full understanding of each others rules, regulations and procedures.
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